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Applied Physics Reviews — 2012

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Comment on “Securing special nuclear material: Recent advances in neutron detection and their role in nonproliferation” [J. Appl. Phys. 108, 111101 (2010)]

Peter Fisher and Steven Ahlen

J. Appl. Phys. 111, 016104 (2012); doi:10.1063/1.3665707 (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 9 January 2012

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We comment on an omission from the above mentioned article.
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29.40.Mc Scintillation detectors
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High performance ferroelectric relaxor-PbTiO3 single crystals: Status and perspective

Shujun Zhang and Fei Li

J. Appl. Phys. 111, 031301 (2012); doi:10.1063/1.3679521 (50 pages)

Online Publication Date: 7 February 2012

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Ferroelectrics are essential components in a wide range of applications, including ultrasonic transducers, sensors, and actuators. In the single crystal form, relaxor-PbTiO3 (PT) piezoelectric materials have been extensively studied due to their ultrahigh piezoelectric and electromechanical properties. In this article, a perspective and future development of relaxor-PT crystals are given. Initially, various techniques for the growth of relaxor-PT crystals are reviewed, with crystals up to 100 mm in diameter and 200 mm in length being readily achievable using the Bridgman technique. Second, the characterizations of dielectric and electromechanical properties are surveyed. Boundary conditions, including temperature, electric field, and stress, are discussed in relation to device limitations. Third, the physical origins of the high piezoelectric properties and unique loss characteristics in relaxor-PT crystals are discussed with respect to their crystal structure, phase, engineered domain configuration, macrosymmetry, and domain size. Finally, relaxor-PT single crystals are reviewed with respect to specific applications and contrasted to conventional piezoelectric ceramics.
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77.65.-j Piezoelectricity and electromechanical effects
77.80.Dj Domain structure; hysteresis
81.10.Fq Growth from melts; zone melting and refining
77.80.Jk Relaxor ferroelectrics
61.66.Fn Inorganic compounds
77.22.Gm Dielectric loss and relaxation
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